![]() With regard to form and method, the New Testament, especially the Gospels, presents striking resemblances to Qumran in its use of Scripture. Exegesis at Qumran and in the New Testamentġ3. The final restoration of Zion is represented as a new Eden.24 At Qumran, a similar technique was widely used.Ģ. Thus, the return from the Babylonian Exile is described in terms that evoke the liberation from Egyptian oppression at the time of the Exodus (Is 43:16-21). It consists of using biblical terms to describe events in order to illuminate their meaning. Irrespective of whether this attribution is well founded or not, these seven middoth certainly represent a codification of contemporary methods of argument from Scripture, in particular for deducing rules of conduct.Īnother method of using Scripture can be seen in first century historical writings, particularly Josephus, but it had already been employed in the Old Testament itself. The earliest rabbinic attestation of exegetical method based on Old Testament texts, is a series of seven “rules” traditionally attributed to Rabbi Hillel (d. However, these documents express only one aspect of the Jewish tradition they come from within a particular current and do not represent the whole tradition. and 60 A.D., and so are therefore close to Jesus' ministry and the formation of the Gospels. The clearest expression of how Jesus' contemporaries interpreted the Scriptures are given in the Dead Sea Scrolls, manuscripts copied between the second century B.C. Judaism derived from the Scriptures its understanding of God and of the world, as well as of God's plans. Jewish Exegetical Methods employed in the New Testamentġ2. THE JEWISH PEOPLE AND THEIR SACRED SCRIPTURES Many Catholic theologians of the first several centuries devoted themselves to refuting the gnostic arguments, in particular, Irenaeus of Lyons (140-202), who wrote a devastating critique of gnosticism in his masterful five-volume work,, more commonly known as. Perhaps the best treatment in English of these writings is (San Francisco: Harper & Row, 1988). Scholars were delighted to discover several works whose existence was known in the early centuries of the Church but which were presumed lost. ![]() ![]() Included in the Nag Hammadi collection are such spurious works as the, the, the, and the. The Church is not thumbs down on the "Dead Sea" Scrolls found at QumranĪlthough some writings are fragmentary, enough are still intact that a fairly clear picture of gnosticism emerges in the pseudo-gospels and epistles. ![]() Briefly: The Church is thumbs down on Gnosticism and therefore the gnostic writings found at Nag Hammadi ![]()
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